Representational Momentum Bibliography

(last update: November 8, 2007)


This list includes papers on representational momentum and papers on related types of dynamic processes, and was initially prepared for the RepMo2000 conference sponsored by the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics (Tübingen, Germany).

If your favorite paper has inadvertently been left off this list, please let us know! Suggestions for additions are welcome, and should be sent to t.hubbard@tcu.edu.


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z




Actis Grosso, R., & Stucchi, N. (2003). Shifting the start: Backward mislocalization of the initial position of a motion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 675-691.

Actis Grosso, R., Stucchi, N., & Vicario, G. B. (1996). On the length of trajectories for moving dots. In S. C. Masin (Ed.), Fechner Day 1996: Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics. Padua, IT: The International Society for Psychophysics (pp. 185-190).

Amorim, M. A., Lang, W., Lindinger, G., Mayer, D., Deecke, L., & Berthoz, A. (2000). Modulation of spatial orientation by mental imagery: A MEG study of representational momentum. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 569-582.

Arnheim, R. (1974). Art and visual perception: A psychology of the creative eye (the new version). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Ashida, H. (2004). Action-specific extrapolation of target motion in human visual system. Neuropsychologia, 42, 1515-1524.

Arnheim, R. (1988). Visual dynamics. Scientific American, 76, 585-591.

Attneave, F. (1968). Triangles as ambiguous figures. American Journal of Psychology, 81, 447-453.

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Babcock, M. K., & Freyd, J. J. (1988). Perception of dynamic information in static handwritten forms. American Journal of Psychology, 101, 111-130.

Barnes, J., Howard, R., Senior, C., Brammer, M., Bullmore, E., Simmons, A., David, A.S., (in press). Cortical activity perception and imagery of rotational and linear motion. Neuropsychologia.

Barnes, J., Howard, R., Senior, C., Brammer, M., Bullmore, E., Giampietro, V., Simmons, A., Woodruff, P., & David, A.S., (1999). Cortical activity during the perception and imagery of rotational and linear motion. Neuroimage, 9, s374.

Barnes, R. & Jones, M. R. (2000) Expectancy, attention, and time. Cognitive Psychology, 41, 254-311.

Barton, J. J. S., Simpson, T., Kiriakopoulos, E., Stewart, C., Crawley, A., Guthrie, B., Wood, M., & Mikulis, D. (1996). Functional MRI of lateral occipitotemporal cortex during pursuit and motion perception. Annals of Neurology, 40, 387-398.

Bernstein, L. J., & Cooper, L. A. (1997). Direction of motion influences perceptual identification of ambiguous figures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 23(3), 721-737.

Bertamini, M. (1993). Memory for position and dynamic representations. Memory & Cognition, 21, 449-457.

Bertamini, M. (2002). Representational momentum, internalized dynamics, and perceptual adaptation. Visual Cognition, 9, 195-216.

Brehaut, J. C. (1989). The role of attention in representational momentum. Unpublished manuscript, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada.

Brehaut, J. C., & Tipper, S. P. (1996). Representational momentum and memory for luminance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 22, 480-501.

Brouwer, A. M., Franz, V. H., & Thornton, I. M. (2004). Representational momentum in perception and grasping: Translating versus transforming object. Journal of Vision, 4, 575-584.

Bucher, N. M., & Palmer, S. E. (1985). Effects of motion on perceived pointing of ambiguous triangles. Perception & Psychophysics, 38, 227-236.

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Choi, H., & Scholl, B. J. (2006). Measuring causal perception: Links to representational momentum? Acta Psychologica, 123, 91 - 111.

Conners, F. A., Wyatt, B. S., & Dulaney, C. L. (1998). Cognitive representation of motion in individuals with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 102, 438-450.

Cooper, L. A., & Munger, M. P. (1993). Extrapolations and remembering positions along cognitive trajectories: Uses and limitations of analogies to physical momentum. In N. Eilen, R. McCarthy, & B. Brewer (Eds.), Spatial representation: Problems in philosophy and psychology. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

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Davi, M. & Proffitt, D. R. (1993). Frames of reference and distinctive figural characteristics affect shape perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 19, 867-877.

DeLucia, P. R., & Maldia, M. M. (2006). Visual memory for moving scenes. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(2), 340-360.

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Faust, M. (1990). Representational momentum: A dual process perspective. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.

Favretto, A. & Hubbard, T. L. (2000). Effects of previous and succeeding target presentations on the displacement of memory for target lightness. Perception, 29 (supplement), 19.

Favretto, A., Hubbard, T. L., Brandimonte, M. A., & Gerbino, W. (1999). Effects of background luminance on representational momentum for lightness. Perception, 28 (supplement), 77.

Finke, R. A., & Freyd, J. J. (1985).Transformations of visual memory induced by implied motions of pattern elements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 780-794.

Finke, R. A., & Freyd, J. J. (1989). Mental extrapolation and cognitive penetrability: Reply to Ranney and proposals for evaluative criteria. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 403-408.

Finke, R. A., Freyd, J. J., & Shyi, G. C. W. (1986). Implied velocity and acceleration induce transformations of visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 175-188.

Finke, R. A., & Shyi, G. C. W. (1988). Mental extrapolation and representational momentum for complex implied motions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 112-120.

Freyd, J. J. (1983). The mental representation of movement when static stimuli are viewed. Perception & Psychophysics, 33, 575-581.

Freyd, J. J. (1987). Dynamic mental representations. Psychological Review, 94, 427-438.

Freyd, J. J. (1992). Dynamic representations guiding adaptive behavior. In F. Macar, V. Pouthas, & W. J. Friedman (eds.). Time, action, and cognition: Towards bridging the gap. Dordrecht: Kluver Academic Publishers (pp. 309-323).

Freyd, J. J. (1993). Five hunches about perceptual processes and dynamic representations. In D. Meyer & S. Kornblum (eds.), Attention and performance XIV: Synergies in experimental psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Freyd, J. J., & Finke, R. A. (1984). Representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 126-132.

Freyd, J. J., & Finke, R. A. (1985). A velocity effect for representational momentum. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 23, 443-446.

Freyd, J. J., & Johnson, J. Q. (1987). Probing the time course of representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 259-269.

Freyd, J. J., & Jones, K. T. (1994). Representational momentum for a spiral path. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, 968-976.

Freyd, J. J., Kelly, M. H., & DeKay, M. L. (1990). Representational momentum in memory for pitch. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 1107-1117.

Freyd, J. J., & Pantzer, T. M. (1995). Static patterns moving in the mind. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke (Eds.). The creative cognition approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (pp. 181-204).

Freyd, J. J., Pantzer, T. M., & Cheng, J. L. (1988). Representing statics as forces in equilibrium. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 117, 395-407.

Futterweit, L. R., & Beilin, H. (1994). Recognition memory for movement in photographs: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 57, 163-179.

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Getzmann, S. (2005). Representational momentum in spatial hearing does not depend on eye movements. Experimental Brain Research, 165, 229-238.

Getzmann, S., Lewald, J., & Guski, R. (2004). Representational momentum in spatial hearing. Perception, 33, 591-599.

Gilden, D. L. (1991). On the origins of dynamical awareness. Psychological Review, 98, 554-568.

Gilden, D. L., & Proffitt, D. R. (1989). Understanding collision dynamics. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15, 372-383.

Gray, R., & Thornton, I. M. (2001). Exploring the link between time to collision and representational momentum. Perception, 30, 1007-1022.

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Halpern, A. R., & Kelly, M. H. (1993). Memory biases in left versus right implied motion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 471-484.

Hayes, A. (1997). Representational momentum under conditions of divided attention. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene.

Hayes, A. E., & Freyd, J. J. (2002). Representational momentum when attention is divided. Visual Cognition, 9, 8-27.

Hayes, A. Sacher, G., Thornton, I. M., Sereno, M. E., & Freyd, J. J. (1996). Representational Momentum in Depth Using Stereopsis. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 37(Supp. 3).

Hayes, A. E., & Thornton, I. M. (1999). Are we "lost in space" during ego-motion? Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Supp., 40(4), 4212.

Hegarty, M. (1992). Mental animation: Inferring motion from static displays of mechanical systems. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition.

Hubbard, T. L. (1990). Cognitive representation of linear motion: Possible direction and gravity effects in judged displacement. Memory & Cognition, 18, 299-309.

Hubbard, T. L. (1993). Auditory representational momentum: Musical schemata and modularity. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31, 201-204.

Hubbard, T. L. (1993). The effects of context on visual representational momentum. Memory & Cognition, 21, 103-114.

Hubbard, T. L. (1994). Judged displacement: A modular process? American Journal of Psychology, 107, 359-373.

Hubbard, T. L. (1995). Auditory representational momentum: Surface form, velocity, and direction effects. American Journal of Psychology, 108, 255-274.

Hubbard, T. L. (1995). Cognitive representation of motion: Evidence for friction and gravity analogues. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 241-254.

Hubbard, T. L. (1995). Environmental invariants in the representation of motion: Implied dynamics and representational momentum, gravity, friction, and centripetal force. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2, 322-338.

Hubbard, T. L. (1996). Displacement in depth: Representational momentum and boundary extension. Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung, 59, 33-47.

Hubbard, T. L. (1996). Representational momentum and boundary extension: Evidence suggestive of a more general displacement mechanism. Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum (pp. 778).

Hubbard, T. L. (1996). Representational momentum, centripetal force, and curvilinear impetus. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 1049-1060.

Hubbard, T. L. (1997). Target size and displacement along the axis of implied gravitational attraction: Effects of implied weight and evidence of representational gravity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 23, 1484-1493.

Hubbard, T. L. (1997). Target size and representational momentum: A re-evaluation of the momentum metaphor. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahweh, NJ: Erlbaum (pp. 953).

Hubbard, T. L. (1998). How consequences of physical principles influence mental representation: The environmental invariants hypothesis. Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahweh, NJ: Erlbaum (pp. 1228).

Hubbard, T. L. (1998). Representational momentum and other displacements in memory as evidence for nonconscious knowledge of physical principles. In S. Hameroff, A. Kaszniak & A. Scott (Eds.), Towards a science of consciousness II: The 1996 Tucson discussions and debates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Hubbard, T. L. (1998). Some effects of representational friction, target size, and memory averaging on memory for vertically moving targets. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 52, 44-49.

Hubbard, T. L. (1999). How consequences of physical principles influence mental representation: The environmental invariants hypothesis. In P. R. Killeen & W. R. Uttal (Eds.). Fechner Day 99: The end of 20th century psychophysics. Proceedings of the 15th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics. Tempe, AZ, USA: The International Society for Psychophysics (pp. 274-279).

Hubbard, T. L. (2001). The effect of height in the picture plane on the forward displacement of ascending and descending targets. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55, 325-330.

Hubbard, T. L. (2002). Mental representation reflects subjective experience: Convergent evidence from imagery and representational momentum. Journal of Mental Imagery, 26, 60-65.

Hubbard, T. L. (2004). The perception of causality: Insights from Michotte's launching effect, naive impetus theory, and representational momentum. In A. M. Oliveira, M.P. Teixeira, G. F. Borges, & M. J. Ferro (Eds.). Fechner Day 2004. Coimbra, Portugal: The International Society for Psychophysics (pp. 116-121.

Hubbard, T. L. (2005). An effect of target orientation on representational momentum. Paideia, 15, 207-216.

Hubbard, T. L. (2005). Representational momentum and related displacements in spatial memory: A review of the findings. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 12, 822-851.

Hubbard, T. L. (2006). Bridging the gap: Possible roles and contributions of representational momentum. Psicologica, 27, 1-34.

Hubbard, T. L. (2006). Computational theory and cognition in representational momentum and related types of displacement: A reply to Kerzel. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 174-177.

Hubbard, T. L. (2006). Representational momentum, flash-lag, and motion capture. In D. E. Kornbrut, R. M. Msetfi, & A. W. MacRae (Eds.). Fechner Day 2006. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics. St. Albans, UK: The International Society for Psychophysics (pp. 131-136).

Hubbard, T. L. & Courtney, J. R. (2006). Evidence suggestive of separate visual dynamics in perception and in memory. In L. Albertazzi, (Ed.). Visual thought: The depictive space of the mind (pp. 71-98). Amsterdam: Benjamins Publishing Company.

Hubbard, T. L., & Bharucha, J. J. (1988). Judged displacement in apparent vertical and horizontal motion. Perception & Psychophysics, 44, 211-221.

Hubbard, T. L., & Blessum, J. A. (2001). A structural dynamic of form: Displacements in memory for the size of an angle. Visual Cognition, 8, 725-749.

Hubbard, T. L., Blessum, J. A., & Ruppel, S. E. (2001). Representational momentum and Michotte's (1946/1963) "Launching Effect" paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 27, 294-301.

Hubbard, T. L., & Favretto, A. (2003). Naive impetus and Michotte's "Tool Effect:" Evidence from representational momentum. Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung, 67, 134-152.

Hubbard, T. L., Matzenbacher, D. L., & Davis, S. E. (1999). Representational momentum in children: Dynamic information and analogue representation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 88, 910-916.

Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2002). Does representational momentum reflect a distortion of the length or the endpoint of a trajectory? Cognition, 82, B89-B99.

Hubbard, T. L., & Motes, M. A. (2005). An effect of context on whether memory for initial position exhibits a Fröhlich Effect or an Onset Repulsion Effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58A, 961-979.

Hubbard, T. L., & Ruppel, S. E. (1999). Representational momentum and landmark attraction effects. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 53, 242-256.

Hubbard, T. L., & Ruppel, S. E. (2000). Spatial memory averaging, the landmark attraction effect, and representational gravity. Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung, 64, 41-55.

Hubbard, T. L., & Ruppel, S. E. (2002). A possible role of naïve impetus in Michotte's "launching effect": Evidence from representational momentum. Visual Cognition, 9, 153-176.

Hubbard, T. L., Ruppel, S. E., & Courtney, J. R. (2005). The force of appearance: Gamma motion, impetus, and representational momentum. Psicologica, 26, 209-228.

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Intraub, H. (2002). Anticipatory spatial representation of natural scenes: Momentum without movement? Visual Cognition, 9, 93-119.

Intraub, H., Bender, R. S., & Mangels, J. A. (1992). Looking at pictures but remembering scenes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 180-191.

Intraub, H., Gottesman, C. V., & Bills, A. J. (1998). Effects of perceiving and imaging scenes on memory for pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24, 186-201.

Intraub, H., Gottesman, C. V., Willey, E. V., & Zuk, I. J. (1996). Boundary extension for briefly glimpsed photographs: Do common perceptual processes result in unexpected memory distortion? Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 118-134.

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Jarrett, C. B., Phillips, M., Parker, A., & Senior, C. (2002). Implicit motion perception in schizotypy and schizophrenia: A representational momentum study. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 7, 1-14.

Jones, M. R. (1976). Time, our lost dimension: Toward a new theory of perception, attention, and memory. Psychological Review, 83, 323-355.

Jones, M. R., Boltz, M., & Kidd, G. (1982). Controlled attending as a function of melodic and temporal context. Perception & Psychophysics, 32, 211-218.

Joordens, S., Spalek, T. M., Razmy, S., & van Duijn, M. (2004). A clockwork orange: Compensation opposing momentum in memory for location. Memory & Cognition, 32, 39-50.

Jordan, J. S., & Knoblich, G. (2004). Spatial perception and control. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 54-59.

Jordan, J. S., Stork, S., Knuf, L., Kerzel, D., & Müsseler, J. (2002). Action planning affects spatial localization. In W. Prinz & B. Hommel (eds.). Attention and performance XIX: Common mechanisms in perception and action. New York: Oxford University Press.

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Kelly, M. H., & Freyd, J. J. (1987). Explorations of representational momentum. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 369-401.

Kerzel, D. (2000). Eye movements and visible persistence explain the mislocalization of the final position of a moving target. Vision Research, 40, 3703-3715.

Kerzel, D. (2002). A matter of design: No representational momentum with predictability. Visual Cognition, 9, 66-80.

Kerzel, D. (2002). Attention shifts and memory averaging. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55(A), 425-443.

Kerzel, D. (2002). Different localization of motion onset with points and relative judgements. Experimental Brain Research, 145, 340-350

Kerzel, D. (2002). The locus of "memory displacement" is at least partially perceptual: Effects of velocity, expectation, friction, memory averaging, and weight. Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 680-692.

Kerzel, D. (2003). Attention maintains mental extrapolation of target position: Irrelevant distractors eliminate forward displacement after implied motion. Cognition, 88, 109-131.

Kerzel, D. (2003). Centripetal force draws the eyes, not memory of the target, toward the center. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29, 458-466.

Kerzel, D. (2004). Attentional load modulates mislocalization of moving stimuli, but does not eliminate the error. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 848-853.

Kerzel, D. (2005). Representational momentum beyond internalized physics: Embodied mechanisms of anticipation cause errors of visual short-term memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 180-184.

Kerzel, D. (2006). Why eye movements and perceptual factors have to be controlled in studies on "representational momentum." Psychological Bulletin & Review, 13, 166-173.

Kerzel, D., Bekkering, H., Wohlschläger, A., & Prinz, W. (2000). Launching the effect: Representations of causal movements are influenced by what they lead to. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. Section A: Human Psychology. 53(4), 1163-1185.

Kerzel, D., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2003). Neuronal processing delays are compensated in the sensorimotor branch of the visual system. Current Biology, 13, 1975-1978.

Kerzel, D., Jordan, J. S., & Müsseler, J. (2001). The role of perception in the mislocalization of the final position of a moving target. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 829-840.

Kerzel, D., & Müsseler, J., (2002). Effects of stimulus material on the Fröhlich illusion. Vision Research, 42, 181-189.

Khurana, B. & Nijhawan, R. (1995). Extrapolation or attention shift? Nature (London), 378, 565-566.

Kirschfeld, K. & Kammer, T. (1999). The Fröhlich effect: A consequence of the interaction of visual focal attention and metacontrast. Vision Research, 39, 3702-3709.

Krekelberg, B., & Lappe, M. (2000). A model of the perceived relative positions of moving objects based upon a slow averaging process, Vision Research, 40:201-215.

Krekelberg, B., & Lappe, M. (1999). Temporal recruitment along the trajectory of moving objects and the perception of position. Vision Research, 39:2669-2679.

Kourtzi, Z., & Kanwisher, N. (2000). Activation in human MT/MST for static images with implied motion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 48-55.

Kourtzi, Z., & Nakayama, K. (2002). Distinct mechanisms for the representation of moving and static objects. Visual Cognition, 9, 248-264.

Kozhevnikov, M., & Hegarty, M. (2001). Impetus beliefs as default heuristics: Dissociation between explicit and implicit knowledge about motion. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 439-453.

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Lappe, M., & Krekelberg, B., (1999). The position of moving objects. Perception, 27, 1437-1449.

Large, E. W. & Jones, M. R. (1999) The dynamics of attending: How we track time-varying events. Psychological Review, 106, 119-159.

Leyton, M. (1989). Inferring causal history from shape. Cognitive Science, 13, 357-387.

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McBeath, M. K., Morikawa, K., & Kaiser, M. K. (1992). Perceptual bias for forward-facing motion. Psychological Science, 3, 362-367.

McIntyre, J., Zago, M., Berthoz, A., & Lacquaniti, F. (2001). Does the brain model Newton's laws? Nature Neuroscience, 4, 693-694.

Miller, G. F., & Freyd, J. J. (1993). Dynamic mental representations of animate motion: The interplay among evolutionary, cognitive, and behavioral dynamics (Cognitive Science Research Paper No. 290). University of Sussex at Brighton.

Munger, M. P., & Minchew, J. H. (2002). Parallels between remembering and predicting an object's location. Visual Cognition, 9, 177-194.

Munger, M. P., & Owens, T. R. (2003). Representational momentum and the flash-lag effect. Visual Cognition, 11, 81-103.

Munger, M. P., & Owens, T. R., & Conway, J. E. (2005). Are boundary extension and representational momentum related? Visual Cognition, 12, 1041-1056.

Munger, M. P., Solberg, J. L., & Horrocks, K. K. (1999). On the relation between mental rotation and representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 1557-1568.

Munger, M. P., Solberg, J. L., Horrocks, K. K., & Preston, A. S. (1999). Representational momentum for rotations in depth: Effects of shading and axis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 157-171.

Müsseler, J., & Aschersleben, G. (1998). Localizing the first position of a moving stimulus: the Fröhlich effect and an attention-shifting explanation. Perception & Psychophysics, 60, 683-695.

Müsseler, J., Stork, S., & Kerzel, D. (2002). Comparing mislocalizations with moving stimuli: The Fröhlich effect, the flash-lag, and representational momentum. Visual Cognition, 9, 120-138.

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Nagai, M., Kazai, K., & Yagi, A. (2002). Larger forward memory displacement in the direction of gravity. Visual Cognition, 9, 28-40.

Nagai, M., & Saiki, J. (2005). Illusory motion and representational momentum. Perception & Psychophysics, 67, 855-866.

Nagai, M. & Yagi, A. (2001). Pointedness effect on representational momentum. Memory & Cognition, 29, 91-99.

Neiworth, J. J., & Rilling, M. E. (1987). A method for studying imagery in animals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 13, 203-214.

Nijhawan, R. (1994) Motion extrapolation in catching. Nature (London), 370, 256-257.

Nijhawan, R. (1997) Visual decomposition of color through motion extrapolation (also News and Views). Nature (London) 386, 66-69.

Nijhawan, R. (2002). Neural delays, visual motion and flash-lag effect. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 387-393.

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Palmer, S. E. (1980). What makes triangles point: Local and global effects in configurations of ambiguous triangles. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 285-305.

Palmer, S. E., & Bucher, N. M. (1981). Configural effects in perceived pointing of ambiguous triangles. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 7, 88-114.

Palmer, S. E., & Bucher, N. M. (1982). Textural effects in perceived pointing of ambiguous triangles. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8, 693-708.

Poljansek, A. (2002). The effect of motion acceleration on displacement of continuous and staircase motion in the frontoparallel plane. Psiholoska obzorja/Horizons of Psychology, 11, 7-21.

Proffitt, D. R., & Gilden, D. L. (1989). Understanding natural dynamics. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15, 384-393

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Ranney, M. (1989). Internally represented forces may be cognitively penetrable: Comment on Freyd, Pantzer, and Cheng (1988). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 399-402.

Rao, H., Han, S., Jiang, Y., Xue, Y., Gu, H., Cui. Y., Gao, D. (2004). Engagement of the prefrontal cortex in representational momentum: An fMRI study. Neuroimage, 23, 98-103.

Reed, C. L., & Vinson, N. G. (1996). Conceptual effects on representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 22, 839-850.

Runeson, S., & Frykholm, G. (1983). Kinematic specification of dynamics as an informational basis for person-and-action perception: Expectation, gender recognition, and deceptive intention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 112, 585-615.

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Schwartz, D. L. (1999). Physical imagery: Kinematic versus dynamic models. Cognitive Psychology, 38, 433-464.

Schwartz, D. L., & Black, T. (1999). Inferences through imagined actions: Knowing by simulated doing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 116-136.

Senior, C., Barnes, J., & David, A. S. (2001). Mental imagery increases representational momentum: Preliminary findings. Journal of Mental Imagery, 25, 177-184.

Senior, C., Barnes, J., Brammer, M., Bullmore, E., Giampetro, V., Simmons, A. & David, A.S. (1999). The functional neuroanatomy of implicit motion perception. Neuroimage, 9(6), s887.

Senior C., Barnes J., Giampietro V, Brammer M., Bullmore E., Simmons A., & David A.S. (2000). The functional neuroanatomy of implicit motion perception or 'representational momentum'. Current Biology, 10, 16-22.

Senior, C., Ward, J., & David, A. S. (2002). Representational momentum and the brain: An investigation into the functional necessity of V5/MT. Visual Cognition, 9, 81-92.

Shepard, R. N. (1975). Form, formation, and transformation of internal representations. In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Information processing and cognition: The Loyola Symposium. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Shepard, R. N. (1981). Psychophysical complementarity. In M. Kubovy & J. R. Pomerantz (eds.). Perceptual organization. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum (pp. 279-341).

Shepard, R. N. (1984). Ecological constraints on internal representation: Resonant kinematics of perceiving, imaging, thinking, and dreaming. Psychological Review, 91, 417-447.

Shepard, R. N. (1994). Perceptual-cognitive universals as reflections of the world. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1, 2-28.

Shiffrar, M., & Freyd, J. J. (1990). Apparent motion of the human body. Psychological Science, 1, 257-264.

Shiffrar, M., & Freyd, J. J. (1993). Timing and apparent motion path choice with human body photographs. Psychological Science, 4, 379-384.

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de sá Teixeira, N. A., & Oliveira, A. M. (2007). An information integration approach to perception of causality through continuous behavioural measures. In S. Mori, T. Miyaoka, & W. Wong (Eds.), Fechner Day 2007: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychophysics. Tokyo, Japan: The International Society for Psychophysics (pp. 487-492).

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Revised 28 January 2007
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